Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) are essential amino acids comprising leucine, isoleucine, and valine, distinguished by their unique branched molecular structure. These amino acids are vital for human health as they cannot be synthesized by the body and must be obtained through diet or supplements. BCAAs play a crucial role in protein synthesis and muscle repair, particularly because they are primarily metabolized in the muscles rather than the liver, unlike other amino acids. This unique metabolic pathway makes them especially important for muscle health and performance. They are known to reduce muscle soreness, decrease exercise-induced fatigue, enhance muscle growth, and improve overall exercise performance. Furthermore, BCAAs serve as an energy source during prolonged exercise, contributing to energy production in muscles. They also help regulate blood sugar levels by preserving liver and muscle glycogen stores and promoting glucose uptake into cells. Due to these multifaceted roles, BCAA supplements are popular among athletes and bodybuilders to support muscle recovery and enhance athletic performance. Additionally, they show promise in aiding individuals with conditions such as liver disease and muscle-wasting disorders. Ensuring adequate intake of BCAAs is therefore essential for maintaining muscle health, supporting metabolic functions, and optimizing physical performance.