Agmatine sulfate, a derivative of the amino acid L-arginine, has gained attention in recent years for its potential health benefits and various applications in both sports and clinical settings. As a supplement, agmatine sulfate is often used by athletes and bodybuilders due to its purported ability to enhance nitric oxide production, which can improve blood flow and muscle pumps during workouts. Additionally, it is believed to support cognitive function, mood regulation, and pain relief, making it a versatile addition to one’s health regimen. In clinical research, agmatine sulfate has shown promise in neuroprotection and the treatment of neuropathic pain, as well as potential benefits in managing depression and anxiety due to its interaction with neurotransmitter systems. Its multifaceted role in the body includes modulation of nitric oxide synthesis, inhibition of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), and regulation of polyamine metabolism, all of which contribute to its diverse effects. Despite its potential benefits, further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms of agmatine sulfate and to establish optimal dosing guidelines for various applications. Overall, agmatine sulfate presents an intriguing supplement with a broad spectrum of potential health benefits.